October 6, 2026

Buenaventura continued testimony under the oath administered the previous day. Defense cross-examination, prosecution redirect, defense recross and senator-judge questions were completed, and the court excused him.

Buenaventura confirmed billions in reported inflows and outflows, including the PHP4.4-billion aggregate, while explaining that transaction totals did not give cash balances. AMLC had not witnessed the underlying transactions; further analysis and investigation were needed to determine legality.

Buenaventura read a BPI letter requesting deletion of 13 covered-transaction reports affected by a system bug. The confidential information-sharing report said that, assuming the requested correction was accurate, manager's checks procured by NAI for Carpio would total PHP 2,110,714.29 rather than PHP 2,334,617,151.92. He confirmed that the erroneous PHP 2-billion amount was excluded from the tabulation. He also explained that duplicate reports for jointly held accounts were deducted, with PHP 81 million identified in Annex A.

For Cale88 Foods Corporation, Buenaventura confirmed PHP 1,254,736,297.08 in aggregate reported transactions and PHP 776,643,950.36 in inflows. He read three STR entries citing no underlying legal or trade obligation, purpose or economic justification. He said the inward-remittance entries were unique transactions rather than time-deposit rollovers, and that their country classifications used the remitters' reported addresses rather than correspondent-bank locations.

Buenaventura said the Cale88 remittances were recorded for the corporation and that the records supplied no amount of benefit to Duterte or Carpio. He described the submitted financial-intelligence, financial-investigation and information-sharing reports, but declined to disclose other actions beyond the subpoenaed material, citing Court of Appeals bank-inquiry confidentiality rules.

Asked about unexplained wealth, Buenaventura said AMLC examined money laundering and forfeiture, leaving unexplained-wealth assessment to the impeachment court. Asked to identify a specific unexplained amount, he left that determination to the impeachment court. In response to Escudero's hypothetical comparisons with SALN and salary figures, he distinguished year-end assets from transactions across years; Escudero acknowledged that adding successive annual SALNs was inappropriate.

Buenaventura described prioritizing STRs, analyzing reports, conducting field investigation with law-enforcement coordination, and seeking bank inquiries or freeze orders where needed. He maintained that probable cause applied to bank inquiries and freeze orders and that unlawful-activity and money-laundering investigations could run in parallel. He said the decision whether to investigate further required internal discussion.

Asked about investment-related transactions, Buenaventura said distinct references appeared in the reports, but the summary did not establish whether particular time deposits were rollovers. The time-deposit figures were included in the broader transaction aggregate.

Sumatra took the witness oath and identified herself as branch head of LANDBANK San Pedro Davao. She testified on the bank records produced pursuant to subpoena.

Eunice C. Sumatra, branch head of Land Bank's San Pedro Davao branch, identified Duterte's single payroll account at that branch, its movement records for 2017 to 2025 and her signatures on the 21-page record. She also identified withdrawal and on-us check-deposit documents, explaining that transactions at other branches had certifications from those branches. On cross-examination, she confirmed government payroll was credited to the account.

Sumatra identified a certificate stating that 20 corporations had no accounts at San Pedro branch. The outstanding-balance certificate she initially mentioned could not be located among the documents shown; prosecution counsel ended that line after saying it had not been submitted by the bank.

During identification of a year-end balance document from another branch, Sumatra recognized Dela Cerna's signature from authorized-signatory records and experience within the bank, but said she had not submitted that document. Her testimony on cross-examination was limited to bank records.

On cross-examination, Sumatra confirmed that government payroll was credited to the Vice President's account and explained that the agency prepared the payroll for upload into LANDBANK's system. Defense counsel ended cross-examination; the prosecution declined redirect, and Sumatra was excused.

Dela Cerna took the witness oath, identified herself as branch manager of LANDBANK Davao R. Magsaysay, and explained her supervision of branch operations and implementation of internal controls.

Raquel U. Dela Cerna, branch manager of Land Bank's Davao R. Magsaysay branch, said Duterte's two accounts there were closed and Carpio's account ending 2730 remained active. She gave its year-end balances as PHP 505,517.35 in 2022, PHP 953,681.42 in 2023, PHP 115,824.20 in 2024 and PHP 1,358,373.07 in 2025.

On defense cross-examination, Dela Cerna said the bank did not automatically send account notices or balances to a spouse. It required a special power of attorney for release of account information, and marriage alone did not confer signatory authority, online access or entitlement to the other spouse's balance.

Dela Cerna distinguished individual accounts from joint accounts and confirmed that the bank maintained records identifying account holders and authorized operators. She said identity and authority were verified before confidential information was released. After cross-examination, the prosecution declined redirect and the court excused her.